CPAP and BiPAP
- Management of Adequate and Inadequate Respiration
- Respiratory Compromise
- Assure an adequate airway
- Review supplemental oxygen therapy
- Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP)/Bi-Level Positive Airway Pressure (BiPAP)
- Definitions/Purpose
- CPAP – a device to provide continuous positive airway pressure in the spontaneously breathing patient
- BiPAP – a device to provide differential positive airway pressure in the spontaneously breathing patient.
- higher positive pressure during inspiration (e.g., 10 cm water pressure)
- lower positive pressure during expiration (e.g., 5 cm water pressure)
- Augments patient’s spontaneous breathing with positive pressure ventilation during inspiration
- increase lung compliance
- reduce alveolar collapse
- increase laminar airflow
- decrease intubation rates
- Indications
- CHF/Acute pulmonary edema
- COPD/Asthma
- Definitions/Purpose
- Respiratory Compromise
- Near-drowning
- Similar equipment may be used for home treatment of sleep apnea
- Contraindications
- inability to tolerate the mask
- Complications
- requires adequate tidal volume
- the patient must be alert and follow instructions
- the patient must tolerate the mask
- gastric insufflation
- vomiting and aspiration risk
- barotrauma
- facial hair
- dysmorphic faces
- Procedure
- Assisted positive pressure ventilation
- Purpose/definition
- Indications
- Contraindications
- Complications
- Procedure
- Assisting patient ventilations
- Review of techniques used by EMRs, EMTs, and AEMTs
- Purpose
- Indications
- Contraindications
- Complications
- Procedures
- Review of the physiologic differences between normal and positive pressure ventilation
- BiPAP/CPAP
- Purpose
- Indications
- Contraindications
- Complications
- Procedure
- Positive End Expiratory Pressure (PEEP)
- Purpose
- provide positive airway pressure to prevent alveolar collapse at the end of expiration
- refers to positive pressure situations
- to increase lung compliance
- Indications
- hemodynamically stable patient receiving positive pressure ventilation
- COPD
- CHF
- drowning
- Patient transfer
- hemodynamically stable patient receiving positive pressure ventilation
- Contraindications
- Complications
- can diminish the venous return
- can cause barotrauma
- Procedure
- Venous return (preload)
- skeletal muscle pump
- thoracoabdominal pump
- respiratory cycle
- gravity
- effects of IPPB, PEEP, CPAP, and BiPAP on venous return
- Venous return (preload)
- Purpose
- Review of techniques used by EMRs, EMTs, and AEMTs
Scenarios:
- Case Study: CPAP use in an asthmatic patient
- Case Study: BiPAP use in pulmonary edema patient
Content Creator: Charles Bishop
CAPCE Course Number: 21-EMTP-F3-3207
Total CE Hours: 1.0
Level: Advanced
EMT-CE uses the NEMSES guidelines as the foundation for every course outline.